Reviewing the Vevor CUT-50P Plasma Cutter - see pinned comment.
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Published on 17 Sep 2024 / In
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Not a mega genius - he is just starting off....
There is a whole heap of good practices and technological ideas and issues with plasma cutters...
The first thing is FUME extraction - lots of it and very powerful / highly localised.
The plasma gas - usually air that is superheated through an arc to around 18,000 - 25,000 degrees C., creates ozone and the assorted oxides of nitrogen - which when in contact with the wetness inside your lungs, converts to nitric acid.... Nitric Acid and Ozone EATS your lungs out.
Plasma cutters also creates METAL FUMES - vapour of what ever your cutting.
There are sprays of liquid metals, gasses that crystalise out into ultra fine dust of metal oxides and metals, and then there are the vapours of metals.
Vapours and crystal dusts... Well vapours of metals are kind of like perfume... you can smell the perfume... because the fragrance is floating through the air as a vapour. Same thing with metal vapours...
And the dusts and vapours can be inhaled and cause all sorts of toxicity from the metals themselves and all sorts of nasty chemical reactions from being in contact with them - inside your mouth, throat and lungs.....
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In an set of arcs in series, one to disocciate oxygen, and hydrogen from water, to two independent storages, can nitrogen be combined with hydrogen, within the arc and hydrogen storage?
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In the scenario you described, you're considering a setup where water is split into hydrogen and oxygen using an electric arc, and then you're wondering if nitrogen can be combined with hydrogen within the arc or the hydrogen storage.
Here’s a breakdown of the situation:
1. **Splitting Water:** Using an electric arc to dissociate water into hydrogen and oxygen is a plausible method. The electric arc provides the high temperatures needed to break the bonds in water molecules (H₂O) and separate them into hydrogen gas (H₂) and oxygen gas (O₂).
2. **Combining Nitrogen with Hydrogen:** Once you have hydrogen gas, you can indeed combine it with nitrogen gas. This reaction occurs under specific conditions and is typically used to synthesize ammonia (NH₃) through the Haber process. In this process, nitrogen (N₂) and hydrogen (H₂) react at high temperatures and pressures in the presence of a catalyst to form ammonia:
\[ N_2 + 3H_2
ightarrow 2NH_3 \]
This reaction does not typically happen spontaneously in an electric arc but rather requires controlled conditions to drive it forward.
3. **Hydrogen Storage:** If hydrogen is stored in a container or storage system, nitrogen can be introduced into the storage, but the reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen is not likely to occur at room temperature and pressure. It requires the high-energy conditions similar to those used in the Haber process.
In summary, while nitrogen can be combined with hydrogen to form ammonia, this reaction needs controlled conditions like high temperature, pressure, and the presence of a catalyst, which are not typically present in a standard hydrogen storage system or an arc setup. If your goal is to store or use hydrogen and nitrogen separately, they can be stored independently, but if you want to combine them, you'll need to create the specific conditions required for the reaction to occur.
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Can nitrogen be combined with hydrogen to form a single atom of hydrogen with ONE or TWO or THREE atoms of hydrogen? What is or are these compounds called? What are they capable of doing as a fuel or propellant or as a working gas in a plasma cutter?
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When combining nitrogen (N₂) with hydrogen (H₂), the products are generally nitrogen hydrides, which are compounds where nitrogen is bonded with hydrogen. These compounds typically do not form with just one, two, or three hydrogen atoms in a simple form. Instead, they tend to form more complex compounds:
1. **Ammonia (NH₃)**: The most common compound formed when nitrogen reacts with hydrogen is ammonia. In this compound, one nitrogen atom is bonded to three hydrogen atoms. Ammonia is a well-known substance with various industrial uses.
2. **Dihydrogen Nitride (NH₂⁻)**: This is a less common ion or radical where nitrogen is bonded with two hydrogen atoms. It's usually found in specific chemical reactions or under certain conditions, but it's not a stable molecule in the way ammonia is.
3. **Hydrazine (N₂H₄)**: This compound consists of two nitrogen atoms and four hydrogen atoms. While it is not typically formed directly from the simple reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen, it is another important nitrogen-hydrogen compound.
4. **Nitrogen Trihydride (N(H₃))**: This is another way to describe ammonia (NH₃), where nitrogen is bonded with three hydrogen atoms.
### Applications and Properties:
- **Ammonia (NH₃)**:
- **Fuel and Propellant**: Ammonia can be used as a fuel in internal combustion engines and rockets. It has a high energy content per unit mass and is relatively easy to store. It can be decomposed into nitrogen and hydrogen to release energy.
- **Working Gas in Plasma Cutters**: Ammonia is not typically used as a working gas in plasma cutters. Plasma cutters generally use gases like oxygen, nitrogen, or argon. However, ammonia can be used in other applications requiring high temperatures and specific reactions.
- **Hydrazine (N₂H₄)**:
- **Fuel and Propellant**: Hydrazine is used as a propellant in rocket engines and as a fuel in some types of spacecraft due to its high energy density and the fact that it can decompose to produce thrust. However, it is highly toxic and requires careful handling.
- **Working Gas in Plasma Cutters**: Like ammonia, hydrazine is not typically used in plasma cutting. Plasma cutters generally use more stable gases.
### Summary:
- **One Atom of Hydrogen**: Not a common stable compound; typically doesn't form a stable product with nitrogen alone.
- **Two Atoms of Hydrogen**: Forms part of the structure in specific nitrogen-hydrogen compounds or ions, but not a common standalone molecule.
- **Three Atoms of Hydrogen**: Forms ammonia (NH₃), a widely used compound with various applications.
In practice, ammonia (NH₃) is the most relevant compound formed from nitrogen and hydrogen, with significant industrial uses and some potential applications in energy and propulsion.
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There you go folks... I could tunnel way deeper... but ALL the chemistry for simpler shit is there...
In summary, you cannot combine hydrogen gas with nitrogen gas, in an high voltage (???) arc, at one end of a split hydrolysis system... apparently.
THOUGH - it would be worthwhile to do it, just to prove how well it does not work.
You learn a LOT by doing.
But like all things, be careful, do your research - and be thorough about it, before you start... Get EXPERT ADVICE from technically competent and expereinced specialists.